The brahimi report and the major reforms in the united states peace and security

Sincethe UN has helped end conflicts and foster reconciliation by conducting successful peacekeeping operations in dozens of countries, including Cambodia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mozambique, Namibia and Tajikistan.

The international community had lost one of the best world class diplomats. One matter that preoccupied Annan most during the first years of his responsibility was the scar of the Rwanda genocide and the Sebrenica massacre.

He was fully aware of the growing criticism from the international community against the UN for its failure to prevent the calamities.

The consequences of the two horrific events were traumatic and deeply troubling the international community.

While the memory of the two tragedies was still fresh, Annan was confronted by an unfolding situation in Kosovo in It was the situation that Annan believed could lead to a deplorable situation like that in Rwanda and Sebrenica. This development had forced Annan to boldly put forward an idea of the two concepts of sovereignty in September Annan believed that in addition to state sovereignty, the foundation of states as instruments at the service of their peoples, and not vice versa, is aimed at protecting individual human rights, not at protecting those who abuse them.

This individual sovereignty must therefore be upheld and respected. At the same time, Annan also more openly raised the so-called humanitarian intervention to the spotlight of the international community. A move that would inevitably further challenge the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity that the UN member states fiercely advocate.

From the beginning Annan knew this risk. But he spared no effort to improve the operational capacity of the UN in preventing human catastrophe.

As one of the major troop contributing countries to the UN peacekeeping operations, Indonesia was actively involved in the consideration of the Brahimi Report at the UN Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations. While the UN peacekeeping operations kept gaining improvements since the adoption of the recommendations of the Brahimi Panel, humanitarian intervention remained contentious.

It, however, continues to be pertinent despite constant opposition from states and governments. Many quarters today keep calling for the UN application of the idea, within the mandate of the UN Security Council, along with the concept of the responsibility to protect R2Pespecially within prolonging conflicts in Syria and Yemen.

Furthermore, Annan also placed great importance to the needs of both developing and developed nations, the significance of peace—not only a durable but also a just one -- and the urgency to drive the UN to live up to its mandate.

Annan envisioned a world in which humankind is liberated from underdevelopment, extreme poverty, vicious and violent conflicts, hunger, diseases, illiteracy, inhumane treatment and natural calamity.

On April 3,the secretary-general presented his Millennium Report, a basis for a negotiation of the Millennium Declaration that was adopted in September The Declaration outlines the historic Millennium Development Goals, of which realization within 15 years aimed for national and global prosperity and progress.

The international community is now embarking on yet another historic 15 year-journey to materialize 17 goals of the Sustainable Development Goals. Indonesia played a critical role in the negotiation of the Millennium Declaration.

One important contribution that Indonesia made was tasking the UN to ensure that all nations benefit from the progress of information and communication technologies ICT. This paragraph in the Declaration lays a critical foundation for the bridging of the global digital divide, the development of global ICT governance, and the inclusion of ICT as catalyst for social, economic and political progress.

As a young diplomat at the UN then, one thing I admired and learned from Annan was the art of public speaking. His public speaking style set a new high bar of speech writing and delivery. For everyone who has served with him, or has been touched by his work, Annan will always be in their hearts and minds.

The views are personal. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not reflect the official stance of The Jakarta Post.These setbacks provided important lessons for the international community when deciding how and when to deploy and support UN peacekeeping as a tool to restore and maintain international peace and security.

United Nations peacekeeping was initially developed during the Cold War as a means of resolving conflicts between states by deploying unarmed or lightly armed military personnel from a number of countries, under UN command, to areas where warring parties were in need of a neutral party to observe the peace process.

The United States is committed to a future of peace and stability in the region, including peace between the Israelis and the Palestinians. That aim is advanced, not harmed, by acknowledging the. The / Human Security Report makes the same point and states that, while not suggesting that it is the sole explanation, peacemaking and peacebuilding makes a difference.

Human Security Report /, supra note 1, at pt. I. For instance, the Panel urges the Security Council not to finalize resolutions authorizing large peacekeeping missions until Member States have pledged the necessary troops and resources; and recommends an increase in funding to strengthen the peacekeeping support staff at United .

Secretary-General António Guterres has proposed reforms in the United Nations peace and security architecture, in the UN’s management system and structures, as well as in the UN development system.

Following the Brahimi report, UN Member States and the UN Secretariat continued major reform efforts, including through.